A latest research shows a number of chemicals found in daily use products can affect fertility in men.
German and Danish researchers stated that a third of 96 compounds they tested using a new technique were found to affect sperm.
According to the researchers, chemicals such as 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC), an ultraviolet filter found in certain sunscreens, and the anti-bacterial agent Triclosan, used in some toothpastes, are responsible for damaging sperms.
For the study, the researchers examined the impact of these chemicals on the CatSper ion channel, a calcium channel that controls sperm motility. They showed that endocrine disruptors - applied at concentrations measured in body fluids - directly open CatSper resulting in increase of calcium levels in sperm and change their swimming behavior. It also triggered the release of digestive enzymes that help sperms to break through the egg coat.
Furthermore, endocrine disruptors made sperms less sensitive to progesterone and prostaglandins - two important hormones released by cells surrounding the egg. Ultimately, the authors noted that in low-dose mixtures, the chemicals cooperate to elevate calcium levels in sperms.
The research team explained that endocrine disruptors are present in food, textiles, drugs, household and personal-care products such as plastic bottles, toys, and cosmetics. They further stated that proving the harmful effects of endocrine disruptors on human beings has been difficult due to a lack of appropriate experimental systems.
"For the first time, we have shown a direct link between exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals from industrial products and adverse effects on human sperm function,'' Niels E. Skakkebaek, professor and leader of the Danish team, said in a press release.
"Our study provides scientific evidence to assist forming international rules and practices," said lead study author Timo Struenker of the Centre of Advanced European Studies and Research in Bonn, the former West Germany capital.
