English romantic poet and radical Percy Bysshe Shelley, best known for writing "Ozymandias" and for his marriage to "Frankenstein" author Mary Shelley, was a an 18-year-old student at the Oxford University when he was kicked out for writing a controversial poetical essay expressing his outrage against the government, corruption, poverty and oppression.
Copies of "Existing State Of Things," a 172-line poem, were said to have been destroyed following publication. However, one copy allegedly remained in the hands of Shelley's cousin, Pilford Medwin, in Italy, according to Independent.
The poem, originally published in 1811 as written by "a gentleman of the University of Oxford," was only credited to Shelley 50 years after his death. The document was to remain in the family for a couple of centuries, until a collector bought it in 2006 and shared it with some academics.
The poem is now in the possession of Oxford University, which bought it from the collector for an unknown amount, according to BBC News. The university is set to display Shelley's work at the Bodleian Library.
"The mission of a great library like the Bodleian is to preserve and manage its collections for the benefit of scholarship and to put knowledge into the hands of readers of all kinds," Richard Ovenden, Bodley's librarian.
"This is the first expression of the assured poet. He has published things before, but they are juvenilia. This is much more assured and artistic. It's really quite polished," said Overden in another Independent report.
Scholars and literary enthusiasts are said to be thrilled the document is finally going to be made public. "This substantial poem has been known about for years, but as far as we know it hasn't been read by any Shelley biographers or scholars since it was composed, and people are intrigued to find out exactly what it's about," said literary professor Michael Rossington via The Guardian.
Below is the full text of "Existing State Of Things," as supplied by Independent:
"DESTRUCTION marks thee! o'er the blood-stain'd heath
Is faintly borne the stifled wail of death;
Millions to fight compell'd, to fight or die
In mangled heaps on War's red altar lie.
The sternly wise, the mildly good, have sped
To the unfruitful mansions of the dead.
Whilst fell Ambition o'er the wasted plain
Triumphant guides his car-the ensanguin'd rein
Glory directs; fierce brooding o'er the scene,
With hatred glance, with dire unbending mien,
Fell Despotism sits by the red glare
Of Discord's torch, kindling the flames of war.
For thee then does the Muse her sweetest lay
Pour 'mid the shrieks of war, 'mid dire dismay;
For thee does Fame's obstrep'rous clarion rise,
Does Praise's voice raise meanness to the skies.
Are we then sunk so deep in darkest gloom,
That selfish pride can virtue's garb assume?
Does real greatness in false splendour live?
When narrow views the futile mind deceive,
When thirst of wealth, or frantic rage for fame,
Lights for awhile self-interest's little flame,
When legal murders swell the lists of pride;
When glory's views the titled idiot guide,
Then will oppression's iron influence show
The great man's comfort as the poor man's woe.
Is't not enough that splendour's useless glare,
Real grandeur's bane, must mock the poor man's stare;
Is't not enough that luxury's varied power
Must cheat the rich parader's irksome hour,
While what they want not, what they yet retain,
Adds tenfold grief, more anguished throbs of pain
To each unnumbered, unrecorded woe,
Which bids the bitterest tear of want to flow;
But that the comfort, which despotic sway
Has yet allowed, stern War must tear away.
Ye cold advisers of yet colder kings,
To whose fell breast no passion virtue brings,
Who scheme, regardless of the poor man's pang,
Who coolly sharpen misery's sharpest fang,
Yourselves secure. Your's is the power to breathe
O'er all the world the infectious blast of death,
To snatch at fame, to reap red murder's spoil,
Receive the injured with a courtier's smile,
Make a tired nation bless the oppressor's name,
And for injustice snatch the meed of fame.
Were fetters made for anguish, for despair?
Must starving wretches torment, misery bear?
Who, mad with grief, have snatched from grandeur's store,
What grandeur's hand had snatched from them before.
Yet shall the vices of the great pass on,
Vices as glaring as the noon-day sun,
Shall rank corruption pass unheeded by,
Shall flattery's voice ascend the wearied sky;
And shall no patriot tear the veil away
Which hides these vices from the face of day?
Is public virtue dead?-is courage gone?
Bows its fair form at fell oppression's throne?
Yes! it's torn away-the crimes appear,
Expiring Freedom asks a parting tear,
A powerful hand unrolls the guilt-stain'd veil,
A powerful voice floats on the tainted gale,
Rising corruption's error from beneath,
A shape of glory checks the course of death;
It spreads its shield o'er freedom's prostrate form,
Its glance disperses envy's gathering storm;
No trophied bust need tell thy sainted name,
No herald blazon to the world thy fame,
Nor scrolls essay an endless meed to give;
In grateful memory still thy deeds must live.
No sculptured marble shall be raised to thee,
The hearts of England will thy memoirs be.
To thee the Muse attunes no venal lyre,
No thirsts of gold the vocal lays inspire;
No interests plead, no fiery passions swell;
Whilst to thy praise she wakes her feeble shell,
She need not speak it, for the pen of fame
On every heart has written BURDETT'S name;
For thou art he, who dared in tumult's hour,
Dauntless thy tide of eloquence to pour;
Who, fearless, stemmed stern Despotism's source,
Who traced Oppression to its foulest course;
Who bade Ambition tremble on its throne-
How could I virtue name, how yet pass on
Thy name!-though fruitless thy divine essay,
Though vain thy war against fell power's array,
Thou taintless emanation from the sky!
Thou purest spark of fires which never die!
Yet let me pause, yet turn aside to weep
Where virtue, genius, wit, with Franklin sleep;
To bend in mute affliction o'er the grave
Where lies the great, the virtuous, and the brave;
Still let us hope in Heaven (for Heaven there is)
That sainted spirit tastes ethereal bliss,
That sainted spirit the reward receives,
Which endless goodness to its votary gives.
Thine be the meed to purest virtue due-
Alas! the prospect closes to the view.
Visions of horror croud upon my sight,
They shed around their forms substantial night.
Oppressors' venal minions! hence, avaunt!
Think not the soul of Patriotism to daunt;
Though hot with gore from India's wasted plains,
Some Chief, in triumph, guides the tightened reins;
Though disembodied from this mortal coil,
Pitt lends to each smooth rogue a courtier's smile;
Yet does not that severer frown withhold,
Which, though impervious to the power of gold,
Could daunt the injured wretch, could turn the poor
Unheard, unnoticed, from the statesman's door
This is the spirit which can reckless tell
The fatal trump of useless war to swell;
Can bid Fame's loudest voice awake his praise,
Can boldly snatch the honorary bays.
Gifts to reward a ruthless, murderous deed,
A crime for which some poorer rogue must bleed.
Is this then justice?-stretch thy powerful arm,
Patriot, dissolve the frigorific charm,
Awake thy loudest thunder, dash the brand
Of stern Oppression from the Tyrant's hand;
Let reason mount the Despot's mouldering throne,
And bid an injured nation cease to moan.
Why then, since justice petty crimes can thrall,
Should not its power extend to each, to all?
If he who murders one to death is due,
Should not the great destroyer perish too?
The wretch beneath whose influence millions bleed?
And yet encomium is the villain's meed.
His crime the smooth-tongued flatterers conquest name,
Loud in his praises swell the notes of Fame.
Oblivion marks the murdering poor man's tomb,
Brood o'er his memory contempt and gloom;
His crimes are blazoned in deformed array,
His virtues sink, they fade for aye away.
Snatch then the sword from nerveless virtue's hand,
Boldly grasp native jurisdiction's brand;
For justice, poisoned at its source, must yield
The power to each its shivered sword to wield,
To dash oppression from the throne of vice,
To nip the buds of slavery as they rise.
Does jurisprudence slighter crimes restrain,
And seek their vices to controul in vain?
Kings are but men, if thirst of meanest sway
Has not that title even snatched away.-
The fainting Indian, on his native plains,
Writhes to superior power's unnumbered pains;
The Asian, in the blushing face of day,
His wife, his child, sees sternly torn away;
Yet dares not to revenge, while war's dread roar
Floats, in long echoing, on the blood-stain'd shore.
In Europe too wild ruin rushes fast:
See! like a meteor on the midnight blast,
Or evil spirit brooding over gore,
Napoleon calm can war, can misery pour.
May curses blast thee; and in thee the breed
Which forces, which compels, a world to bleed;
May that destruction, which 'tis thine to spread,
Descend with ten-fold fury on thy head.
Oh! may the death, which marks thy fell career,
In thine own heart's blood bathe the empoisoned spear;
May long remorse protract thy latest groan,
Then shall Oppression tremble on its throne.
Yet this alone were vain; Freedom requires
A torch more bright to light its fading fires;
Man must assert his native rights, must say
We take from Monarchs' hand the granted sway;
Oppressive law no more shall power retain,
Peace, love, and concord, once shall rule again,
And heal the anguish of a suffering world;
Then, then shall things, which now confusedly hurled,
Seem Chaos, be resolved to order's sway,
And errors night be turned to virtue's day.-"
