It turns out even the smallest wildlife sanctuaries may be key when it comes to saving wild species. Scientists have found that maintaining micro-sanctuaries could help preserve some biodiversity in urbanized landscapes.
In this latest study, the researchers looked a populations of blackbuck, which is a species of antelope that's nearly threatened. It can be found in and around the Great Indian Bustard Sanctuary in Nannaj, Maharashtra in south-central India.
While the species is not endangered, its habitat is quickly disappearing. Encroachment by humans has fragmented grasslands where the antelope graze into plantations, grazing areas and agricultural lands. Not only is this area densely populated by humans, but it also is a perfect representative of most semi-arid landscapes in India.
After examining the populations of blackbuck, they found that the species preferred to stay in the safety of their sanctuary when food was abundant. This allowed them to avoid the risks associated with both humans and livestock. When food declined after the monsoon season, though, this species of antelope began to migrate into riskier and unprotected grasslands. This, in particular, highlights the role of season and food availability when it comes to preserving this species.
What's more surprising, though, is that the presence of small sanctuaries had a major impact on the species. The small refuges in densely populated, semi-arid regions allow the blackbuck population to survive.
The new study not only shows the importance of these sanctuaries but also shows why these antelopes may be moving outside of the sanctuaries. The need for food could be pushing the blackbuck population out of the sanctuaries. However, the findings also show that it may be possible to better protect these species by making sure they have ample food.
The scientists highlight the need to take these factors into consideration as more grasslands are converted and developed for human use. Making sure wildlife sanctuaries are available for these animals to retreat to is a huge part of make sure that the population survives.
The findings reveal a bit more about these animals and show the steps that may need to be taken when it comes to preserving this species.
The findings are published in the March 2016 journal PLOS One.
